ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECT OF BRISK WALKING ON ANTHROPOMETRIC AND BODY COMPOSITION INDICES OF OBESE FEMALE ADULTS IN NIGERIA
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ABSTRACT
This study was conducted to assess the effect of brisk walking on anthropometric and body composition indices of obese female adults in Nigeria using Kaduna metropolis, as a case study. To achieve this purpose repeated measure research design was used for this study. The population for the research was obese female adults of Kaduna metropolis. Using purposive sampling, 17 obese female adults with body mass index between 30.0 and 39.9 kg/m2 and ages of 40 - 50 years who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected for this study. There were 3 attritions leaving 14 participants in the group. The training group was subjected to, brisk walking for 30-50 minutes with 10 and 5 minutes of warm up and cool down activities respectively. The exercise programme was conducted on 3 alternate days per week for 12 weeks. Body weight, height, waist and hip circumferences, visceral adipose fat, percent body fat and lean muscle mass were measured at base-line, immediately after the 6 th and 12th week of training period. The descriptive statistics of mean, standard deviation and standard error of means were used to analyze the data of the physical characteristics of the participants. Repeated-measures ANOVA was used to assess the effect of training on all the assessed variables while post hoc Bonferroni Multiple comparison was used to evaluate the effect of the training on the variables. The null hypotheses raised for this study were tested at 0.05 alpha levels. The results of this study revealed that brisk walking significantly reduced the total body weight F (2, 26) = 80.010, P = 0.005, body mass index F (2, 26) = 57.576, P = 0.005, waist circumference F (2, 26) = 50.982, P = 0.005, percent body fat F (2, 26) = 18.120 P = 0.005 and significant increase in lean muscle mass F (2, 26) = 12.025, P = 0.005 of the participants. However, 12 week of brisk walking did not significantly reduce waist-hip-ratio F(2, 26) = .085, P=0.005 and visceral fat F(2, 26) = .127, P=0.005 of the participants. It was concluded that brisk walking significantly reduced the total body weight, body mass index, waist circumference, percent body fat as well as lean muscle mass but did not significantly reduce waist-hip-ratio and visceral fat of obese female adults. Although there were significant changes in the total body weight, body mass index and the %body fat due to brisk walking, the participants were still obese. It was therefore recommended that brisk walking should not only be prescribed for the modification of anthropometric and body composition indices, it should be made a lifestyle practice for optimal weight management benefit. Brisk walking may also be used to assist individuals with obesity problem.
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